国际残奥会 EVOLUTION OF THE PARALYMPIC GAMES

In 1948, Sir Ludwig Guttmann organized a sports competition involving World War II veterans with spinal cord injuries in Stoke Mandeville, England. Four years later, competitors from the Netherlands joined the games and an international movement was born. Olympic style games for athletes with a disability were organized for the first time in Rome in 1960, now called the Paralympics. In Toronto in 1976, other disability groups were added and the idea of merging together different disability groups for international sport competitions was born. In the same year, the first Paralympic Winter Games took place in Sweden.
第二次世界大战期间，欧洲战场上的伤残士兵，自发组织起来进行康复活动，这便是现代残疾人体育运动的雏形。1948年英国斯托克?曼德维尔(Stoke Mandeville)国立脊髓损伤中心举办了残疾人体育比赛。1952年，由于荷兰运动员的参加，该运动会演变为国际性体育活动。1960年，紧接着夏季奥运会后，举办首次世界残疾人运动会。1976年,国际残疾人组织决定，斯托克?曼德维尔运动会与世界残疾人运动会合并，在加拿大的多伦多举办了第一届国际伤残人士奥运会。同年，第一届残疾人冬季奥运会在瑞典举行。

The number of athletes participating in Summer Paralympic Games has increased from 400 athletes from 23 countries in Rome in 1960 to 3806 athletes from 136 countries in Athens in 2004.
参加夏季残疾人奥运会的运动员从1960年罗马的来自欧美23个国家的约400名伤残运动员增长到了2004年雅典的来自136个国家的3806名运动员。
The Paralympic Games have always been held in the same year as the Olympic Games. On 19 June 2001, an agreement was signed between IOC and IPC securing this practice for the future. From the 2012 bid process onwards, the city chosen to host the Olympic Games will be obliged to also host the Paralympics.
奥运会和残奥会一直在同一年举行。在2001年6月19日，,国际奥委会和国际残奥委会签署协议规定：从2012年开始，申办奥运会的城市，必须同时申办残奥会；奥运会后一个月内,在奥运会举办城市的奥运场地举行残疾人奥运会。